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Fast pyrolysis is a process in which organic materials are rapidly heated to 450 - 600 °C in absence of air. Under these conditions, organic vapours, permanent gases and charcoal are produced. The vapours are condensed to pyrolysis oil. Typically, 50 – 75 wt% of the feedstock is converted into pyrolysis oil.
Pyrolysis transforms difficult-to-handle biomass of different nature into a clean and uniform liquid. Its energy density is four to five times higher than the original solid material, which offers important logistic advantages.
Pyrolysis oil can be utilised in a large number of applications to generate heat, power or chemicals. Some were already successfully tested in praxis (e.g. co-firing in existing gas-fired power station), other applications require further development (e.g. upgrading of the bio-oil to a transportation fuel).
